Fatty liver disease—whether nonalcoholic (NAFLD) or related to alcohol use—has become increasingly common in recent years. Left untreated, it can lead to inflammation, scarring (fibrosis), cirrhosis, and even liver failure. Thankfully, medical research is advancing rapidly, and new treatments for fatty liver disease are showing promise in both slowing the disease and reversing damage.

Here’s what’s new in the fight against fatty liver disease—and what patients should watch for.

Understanding Fatty Liver Disease

Fatty liver disease occurs when fat builds up in the liver. It’s often linked to:

• Obesity
• Type 2 diabetes
• High cholesterol
• Poor diet and lack of physical activity
• Excessive alcohol use (in alcoholic fatty liver)

There are two main types:

• NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)
• NASH (Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis) — a more serious form with inflammation and damage

Why New Treatments Matter

Historically, there haven’t been many approved medications specifically for fatty liver disease. Most treatments have focused on:

• Diet and exercise
• Weight loss
• Managing diabetes or cholesterol

But now, clinical trials and biotech innovation are changing the landscape.

New and Emerging Treatments

1. GLP-1 Agonists (e.g., Semaglutide, Tirzepatide)

Originally developed for diabetes and weight loss, these drugs are showing significant promise in reducing liver fat and improving inflammation in NASH patients.

Benefits:

• Promote weight loss
• Reduce liver fat
• Improve insulin sensitivity

2. FXR Agonists (e.g., Obeticholic Acid)

These target receptors in the liver to reduce inflammation and fibrosis. Obeticholic acid is currently under review for NASH treatment.

Benefits:

• Reduces scarring
• May reverse liver damage
• In development stage with positive trial results

3. PPAR Agonists (e.g., Lanifibranor)

These drugs target metabolic processes and inflammation. Lanifibranor is showing early promise in reducing fibrosis and fat buildup.

Benefits:

• Anti-inflammatory effects
• May help with both NAFLD and NASH
• Ongoing clinical trials

4. Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta Agonists (e.g., Resmetirom)

This novel class of medication boosts metabolism in liver cells, helping reduce fat without affecting other tissues.

Benefits:

• Liver-specific fat reduction
• Fewer systemic side effects
• Phase 3 trials are underway

5. Lifestyle-Enhancing Digital Therapeutics

Apps and digital programs tailored to fatty liver patients are now being used to track progress, guide diets, and offer coaching—many as part of clinical trials.

What Patients Should Do

While many treatments are still in testing, there are steps you can take now:

• Ask your doctor if you qualify for a clinical trial
• Adopt a liver-friendly diet (low sugar, healthy fats, plant-based foods)
• Get regular checkups and blood work to monitor liver enzymes
• Maintain a healthy weight and exercise regularly

Final Thoughts: A Hopeful Future

Fatty liver disease no longer has to be a silent, progressive condition. With new medications on the horizon and digital tools for lifestyle support, treatment is becoming more effective and personalized.

Talk to your healthcare provider about new options, and stay informed—better treatments are on the way.